一、课程
设计思路
C语言的控制和数据结构丰富灵活，语句表达简洁高效，并且程序结构很清晰。为了实现对C语言的结构、指针和文件的综合运用，因此利用账单管理的基本操作来表现他们。功能包括添加账单、罗列账单、操作账单和账户余额。
二、代码实现
#include
//包含头文件
#include
#include
long size;
int inputchoice(){ //功能选择函数
int Choice;
printf("请输入您的操作数:n");
printf("tt(1)Add a cash log.tt(2)List all cash log.n");
printf("tt(3)Check balance.tt(4)Operate a cash log.ntt(0)End program.n");
scanf("%d",&Choice);
return Choice;
}
typedef struct LogData{ //定义账单存储数据的结构
c har Time[20],Do[20],Who[20];
double charge;
struct LogData *next;
}Snode,*Slink;
Slink head=NULL;
long getlogcount(FILE *fp){ //统计文件里的字节数量
long begin,end,logcount;
fseek(fp,0L,SEEK_SET);
begin=ftell(fp);
fseek(fp,size,SEEK_END);
end=ftell(fp);
logcount=(end-begin)/size-1;
return logcount;
}
void AddNewLog(){ //功能函数，添加新帐单
int num=1;
struct LogData Thing;
FILE *fp;
if((fp=fopen("MoneyNote.txt","a"))==NULL){
printf("Open Error!n");
exit(0);
}
while (num!=0){
printf("Input Date(例:2006-01-01):");
scanf("%s",Thing.Time);
printf("Input Did:");
scanf("%s",Thing.Do);
printf("Input Charge(支出需加'-'):");
scanf("%lf",&Thing.charge);
printf("Input Name:");
scanf("%s",Thing.Who);
fprintf(fp," %s %s %lf %s",Thing.Time,Thing.Do,Thing.charge,Thing.Who);
printf("按0结束，任意数字继续输入！n");
scanf("%d",&num);
if(num!=0)fprintf(fp,"n");
}
fclose(fp);
}
Slink receive_txt(){ //读取文件的数据，并记录在h中
FILE *fp;
fp=fopen("MoneyNote.txt","r");
if(fp==NULL){
printf("Open Error!n");
exit(0);
}
rewind(fp);
Slink h=NULL;
Slink r=NULL;
Slink s=NULL;
while(fgetc(fp)!=EOF){
s=(Slink)malloc(sizeof(Snode));
fscanf(fp,"%s%s%lf%s",s->Time,s->Do,&s->charge,s->Who);
if(h==NULL){
h=s;
r=s;
}
else{
r->next=s;
r=s;
}
r->next=NULL;
}
fclose(fp);
return h;
}
void display(Slink head){ //打印形参head里的数据
Slink p=head;
while(p!=NULL){
printf("%s %s %.2f %sn",p->Time,p->Do,p->charge,p->Who);
p=p->next;
}
}
void ListAllLog(){ //功能函数，打印所有账单记录
head=receive_txt();
if(head==NULL)printf("您还没有账单!nn");
else display(head);
}
void CheckBalance(){ //功能账单，显示余额
head=receive_txt();
double Balance=0;
if(head==NULL)printf("您还没有账单!nn");
else{
Slink p=head;
while(p!=NULL){
Balance+=p->charge;
p=p->next;
}
printf("余额为：%.2fn",Balance);
}
}
void OperateLog(){ //功能函数，可以对账单进行筛选查询或删除操作
int shu;c har date1[20],did1[20],name1[20];
head=receive_txt();
if(head==NULL)printf("您还没有账单!nn");
else{
printf("请您输入需要的操作数:(1)筛选 (2)删除n");
scanf("%d",&shu);
if(shu==1){
printf("请您选择筛选类型：(1)Date (2)Did (3)Namen");
scanf("%d",&shu);
Slink p=head;
if(shu==1){
printf("Input Date(例:2006-01-01):");
scanf("%s",date1);
while(p!=NULL){
if(!strcmp(p->Time, date1))
printf("%s %s %.2f %sn",p->Time,p->Do,p->charge,p->Who);
p=p->next;
}
}
else if(shu==2){
printf("Input Did:");
scanf("%s",did1);
while(p!=NULL){
if(!strcmp(p->Do,did1))
printf("%s %s %.2f %sn",p->Time,p->Do,p->charge,p->Who);
p=p->next;
}
}
else if(shu==3){
printf("Input Name:");
scanf("%s",name1);
while(p!=NULL){
if(!strcmp(p->Who,name1))
printf("%s %s %.2f %sn",p->Time,p->Do,p->charge,p->Who);
p=p->next;
}
}
else
printf("没有这个筛选类型!n");
}
else if(shu==2){
FILE *fp;struct LogData Thing;int rember=0;
c har date2[20],did2[20],name2[20];
printf("请您正确输入账户信息(Date Did Name):n");
scanf("%s%s%s",date2,did2,name2);
fp=fopen("MoneyNote.txt","r");
if(fp==NULL){
printf("Open Error!n");
exit(0);
}
rewind(fp);
Slink h=NULL,r=NULL,s=NULL;
while(fgetc(fp)!=EOF){
fscanf(fp,"%s%s%lf%s",Thing.Time,Thing.Do,&Thing.charge,Thing.Who);
if(!strcmp(Thing.Time,date2)&&!strcmp(Thing.Do, did2)&&!strcmp(Thing.Who, name2)){
rember++;
continue;
}
else{
s=(Slink)malloc(sizeof(Snode));
*s=Thing;
if(h==NULL){
h=s;
r=s;
}
else{
r->next=s;
r=s;
}
r->next=NULL;
}
}
if(rember>0)printf("已删除%d笔账单n",rember);
else printf("没有这笔账单，请您正确输入！n");
fclose(fp);
fp=fopen("MoneyNote.txt","w");
if(fp==NULL){
printf("Open Error!n");
exit(0);
}
while(h!=NULL){
fprintf(fp," %s %s %lf %s",h->Time,h->Do,h->charge,h->Who);
if(h->next!=NULL)fprintf(fp,"n");
h=h->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
else
printf("没有这个操作!n");
}
}
int main(){ //主函数，调用功能函数
int Choice;
system("color 34");
printf("nttttt欢迎您使用班费账单管理系统nn");
size=sizeof(struct LogData);
while((Choice=inputchoice())!=0) {
switch (Choice) {
case 1:
AddNewLog();
break;
case 2:
ListAllLog();
break;
case 3:
CheckBalance();
break;
case 4:
OperateLog();
break;
default:
printf("没有该操作，请您正确输入!nn");
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
三、总结感悟
1、代码实现需要一步一个脚印，不可能一口气吃掉一只羊；2、模块化编程，条理清晰查看方便；3、局部优化，节点上可增加'printf'。
C语言是学编程的首选入门语言，因为它简洁灵活，所以容易理解掌握C语言。基础牢了，学习其他编程语言很轻松就上手，学习无止境。
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